The traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture system (on a flat support) has long
been used in cancer research. However, this system cannot be fully translated into clinical …

Bioprinting offers a highly-automated and advanced manufacturing platform that facilitates
the deposition of bio-inks (living cells, biomaterials and growth factors) in a scalable and …

Introduction: Developing in vitro models for studying cell biology and cell physiology is of
great importance to the fields of biotechnology, cancer research, drug discovery, toxicity …

Cancer, one of the most dangerous diseases with a high mortality rate, has attracted much
attention and interest. Advances in tissue engineering and microfluidics have led to the …

Abstract 3D in vitro model systems such as spheroids and organoids provide an opportunity
to extend the physiological understanding using recapitulated tissues that mimic …

A spheroid is an in vitro multicellular aggregate that provides a microenvironment
resembling that of normal tissue in vivo. Although cell adhesion molecules such as integrins …

The intracellular and extracellular dynamics that govern tumor growth and invasiveness in
vivo remain poorly understood. Cell genotype and phenotype, and nutrient, oxygen, and …

Spheroids resemble features of tissues and serve as model systems to study cell–cell and
cell–ECM interactions in non-adhesive three-dimensional environments. Although it is …

Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key determinant in malignant progression of
cancer and represent an important target for cancer therapies. In this work, we present a …

In this paper, we present and investigate a model for solid tumor growth that incorporates
features of the tumor microenvironment. Using analysis and nonlinear numerical …