Many viruses, bacteria, and parasites rely on the lymphatic system for survival, replication,
and dissemination. While conventional anti-infectives can combat infection-causing agents …

Antiretroviral therapy reduces circulating HIV-1 to undetectable amounts but does not
eliminate the virus due to the persistence of a stable reservoir of latently infected cells. The …

Abstract Germ-free (GF) mice, which are depleted of their resident microbiota, are the gold
standard for exploring the role of the microbiome in health and disease; however, they are of …

Productively infected cells are generally thought to arise from HIV infection of activated
CD4+ T cells, and these infected activated cells are thought to be a recurring source of …

HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health issue. While antiretroviral therapy is effective
at reducing the viral load in the blood, up to 50% of those with HIV suffer from some degree …

The rebound-competent viral reservoir, composed of a virus that is able to persist during
antiretroviral therapy (ART) and mediate reactivation of systemic viral replication and …

Although current antiretroviral therapy can control HIV-1 replication and prevent disease
progression, it is not curative. Identifying mechanisms that can lead to eradication of …

Mucosal surfaces that line the respiratory, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts are the
major interfaces between the immune system and the environment. Their unique …

The current era of COVID-19 is characterized by emerging variants of concern, waning
vaccine-and natural infection-induced immunity, debate over the timing and necessity of …

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates Th17-polarized CD4+ T cell functions, but its
role in HIV-1 replication/outgrowth remains unknown. Genetic (CRISPR-Cas9) and …