Tick-borne diseases represent major public and animal health issues worldwide. Ixodes
ricinus, primarily associated with deciduous and mixed forests, is the principal vector of …

The bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum has for decades been known to cause the
disease tick-borne fever (TBF) in domestic ruminants in Ixodes ricinus-infested areas in …

The pathogens that cause Lyme disease (LD), human anaplasmosis, and babesiosis can
coexist in Ixodes ticks and cause human coinfections. Although the risk of human coinfection …

The purpose of this study was to assess and describe the current spectrum of emerging
zoonoses between 2000 and 2006 in European countries. A computerized search of the …

Increasing urban green and blue structure is often pointed out to be critical for sustainable
development and climate change adaptation, which has led to the rapid expansion of …

Background Only limited information is available about the occurrence of ticks and tick-
borne pathogens in public parks, which are areas strongly influenced by human beings. For …

Ehrlichia spp are tick-borne intracellular gram-negative a-proteobacteria that multiply in
microcolonies known as morulae. 1, 2 They mainly infect leukocytes (monocytes …

Babesiosis caused by the Babesia species is a parasitic tick-borne disease. It threatens
many mammalian species and is transmitted through infected ixodid ticks. To date, the …

In Lyme disease concurrent infections frequently occur. The clinical and pathological impact
of co-infections was first recognized in the 1990th, ie approximately ten years after the …

The purpose of this study was evaluation of the prevalence of co-infection with Borrelia
species, A. phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. in patients with tick-borne encephalitis …