The intracellular environment represents an extremely crowded milieu, with a limited amount
of free water and an almost complete lack of unoccupied space. Obviously, slightly salted …

In recent years, better instrumentation and greater computing power have enabled the
imaging of elusive biomolecule dynamics in cells, driving many advances in understanding …

Maintaining the high activity of an enzyme is a fundamental requirement to widen the
application of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in the biotechnology, biosensor, and …

An understanding of cellular chemistry requires knowledge of how crowded environments
affect proteins. The influence of crowding on protein stability arises from two phenomena …

The intracellular milieu is complex, heterogeneous and crowded—an environment vastly
different from dilute solutions in which most biophysical studies are performed. The crowded …

Solutes added to buffered solutions directly impact protein folding. Protein stabilization by
cosolutes or crowders has been shown to be largely driven by protein–cosolute volume …

Most theories about macromolecular crowding focus on two ideas: the macromolecular
nature of the crowder and entropy. For proteins, the volume excluded by the crowder favors …

DOI: 10.1002/adma. 201304428 development of the scaffold-free cell-sheet tissue
engineering (CSTE)[7] or tissue engineering by self-assembly (TESA),[8] a therapy that …

Abstract Effects of macromolecular crowding on structural and functional properties of
ordered proteins, their folding, interactability, and aggregation are well documented. Much …

Four types of environmental effects that can affect macromolecular reactions in a living cell
are defined: nonspecific intermolecular interactions, side reactions, partitioning between …