Background E-cigarettes are promoted as less harmful than cigarettes. There has not been a
direct comparison of health effects of e-cigarettes or dual use (concurrently using e …

E-cigarettes are promoted as healthier alternatives to conventional cigarettes. Many
cigarette smokers use both products. It is unknown whether the additional use of e-cigarettes …

Executive summary Following two previous reports produced for Public Health England
(PHE) on ecigarettes (EC) in 2014, this report updates and expands on the evidence of the …

Background The prevalence of e-cigarette use in the United States has increased rapidly.
However, the association between e-cigarette use and cardiovascular disease remains …

E-cigarettes are often marketed as a safer alternative to combustible cigarettes. However,
their health effects, especially those associated with long-term use, remain largely uncertain …

We concluded that these new studies do not in fact demonstrate substantial new risks and
that the previous estimate by an international expert panel (Nutt et al, 2014) endorsed in an …

Smoking continues to be a burden to economies and health-care systems across the world.
One proposed solution to the problem has been e-cigarettes; however, because they are a …

Background Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may help cigarette smokers quit smoking, yet
they may also facilitate cigarette smoking for never-smokers. We quantify the balance of …

Objective While e-cigarette use is associated with adverse cardiopulmonary health effects,
the mortality risks associated with e-cigarette use alone and combined with smoking remain …

International Journal of Epidemiology, 2023, 984–992 https://doi. org/10.1093/ije/dyad059
Advance Access Publication Date: 16 May 2023 Opinion as evidenced by common reported …