The present study tested whether environmental enrichment can reduce age-related spatial
reference memory deficits and alter synaptic protein levels in aged female mice. Female …

Although environmental enrichment improves spatial memory and alters synaptic plasticity
in aged rodents, it is unclear whether all types of enrichment treatments yield similar …

The present study compared the effects of environmental enrichment on spatial memory,
glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity, and synaptophysin levels in middle-aged male …

Although environmental enrichment has been shown to improve various types of memory in
young and aging mice, no study has directly compared the degree to which enrichment …

Environmental enrichment paradigms that incorporate cognitive stimulation, exercise, and
motor learning benefit memory and synaptic plasticity across the rodent lifespan. However …

Estrogen deficiency during menopause is often associated with memory dysfunction.
However, inconsistencies regarding the ability of estrogen to improve memory in …

The present study examined the long-standing concept that changes in hippocampal
circuitry contribute to age-related learning impairment. Individual differences in spatial …

Rodent studies demonstrate parallel age-related changes in spatial memory and the
hippocampal formation. Converging cognitive, neuropsychological, and neurobiological …

A central problem in the neurobiology of normal aging is why learning is preserved in some
aged individuals yet impaired in others. To investigate this issue, we examined whether age …

Spatial learning tasks are sensitive to functional decline in aged laboratory rodents. This is a
review of recent work that has examined both the nature of age-related impairments on …