Monitoring of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) remains critical for ensuring countries attain and
sustain the global goals for ending HIV as a public health threat by 2030. On an individual …

Increased provision of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa has led to a growing
number of patients with therapy failure and acquired drug-resistant HIV, driving the demand …

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) HIV Drug Resistance (HIVDR) report
2012 demonstrated that the levels of HIVDR to first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) are …

Background At the end of 2011, over 8 million people were receiving antiretroviral therapy
(ART) in low‐and middle‐income countries (LMIC), a 26‐fold increase from 2003. Some …

Unprecedented scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been observed over the past
decade: at the end of 2015, 16 million people were receiving ART in low-and middleincome …

Resistance to antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV is an important and evolving concern,
particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) which have been impacted to the …

Global scale-up of antiretroviral treatment has dramatically changed the prospects of
HIV/AIDS disease, rendering life-long chronic care and treatment a reality for millions of HIV …

With rapidly increasing access to antiretroviral drugs globally, HIV drug resistance (HIVDR)
has become a significant public health issue. This requires a coordinated and collaborative …

Background Scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings has
drastically reduced HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, challenges in long-term …

In industrialized countries, viral load monitoring and genotypic antiretroviral drug resistance
testing (GART) play an important role in the selection of initial and subsequent combination …