Breast cancer is now the most frequently diagnosed cancer and leading cause of cancer
death in women worldwide. Strategies targeting the primary tumour have markedly …

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women throughout the world
and is the major cause of most cancer-related deaths. Several explanations account for the …

Despite important progress in adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies, metastatic disease often
develops in breast cancer patients and remains the leading cause of their deaths. For …

Distant metastasis to specific target organs is responsible for over 90% of breast cancer-
related deaths, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Mounting evidence …

Simple Summary The spread of breast cancer to distant parts of the body (metastasis) is the
major cause of death in breast cancer patients. Research has shown that apart from the …

Despite the substantial advances obtained in the treatment of localized malignancies,
metastatic disease still lacks effective treatment and remains the primary cause of cancer …

The long prevailing model of metastasis recognizes the importance of both “seed” and “soil”
for metastatic progression [1]. Much attention has focused on understanding the molecular …

Hanahan and Weinberg introduced the “hallmarks of cancer” and typified essential
biological abilities acquired by human cancer. Since then, a growing understanding of …

The metastatic cascade is a series of biological processes that enable the movement of
tumor cells from the primary site to a distant location and the establishment of a new cancer …

Breast cancer starts as a local disease, but it can metastasize to the lymph nodes and distant
organs. At primary diagnosis, prognostic markers are used to assess whether the transition …