Males of many species must allocate limited energy budgets between mating and parenting
effort. The Challenge Hypothesis provides a framework for understanding these life-history …

Cross-cultural evidence links pair bonding and testosterone (T). We investigated what
factors account for this link, how casual relationships are implicated, and whether …

In species in which males care for young, testosterone (T) is often high during mating
periods but then declines to allow for caregiving of resulting offspring. This model may apply …

In fathers testosterone levels are suggested to decrease in the context of caregiving, but
results seem inconsistent. In a meta-analysis including 50 study outcomes with N= 7,080 …

One of the fundamental life history challenges facing human males is the allocation of
reproductive effort to its primary components: mating and parenting effort (Trivers, 1972; …

In order to study the hormonal correlates of the tradeoff between mating and parenting effort
in human males, we examined the salivary testosterone (T) levels of 58 Boston-area men …

Research points to an association between testosterone (T) and partnering in some women
and men, and this association has been interpreted as an effect of either relationship status …

Testosterone (T) has been argued to modulate mating and parenting behavior in many
species, including humans. The role of T for these behaviors has been framed as the …

Testosterone is thought to mediate a trade-off between paternal effort and mating effort, such
that males investing monogamously have lower testosterone than those with multiple …

Abstract Previous research in North America has supported the view that male involvement
in committed, romantic relationships is associated with lower testosterone (T) levels. Here …