Background Previous studies have shown a close association between an altered immune
system and Parkinson's disease (PD). Neuroinflammation inhibition may be an effective …

Glial activation and neuroinflammatory processes play important roles in the pathogenesis
of brain abscess and neurodegenerative diseases. Activated glial cells can secrete various …

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the
progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Although the …

Neuroinflammation is initiated by activation of the brain's innate immune system in response
to an inflammatory challenge. Insufficient control of neuroinflammation leads to enhanced or …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases
characterized with a gradual loss of midbrain substantia nigra (SN) dopamine (DA) neurons …

Background Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are considered the major central
events in the process of Parkinson's disease (PD). Nrf2 is a key regulator of endogenous …

Introduction The mechanisms of cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) remain
unknown. Accumulating evidence revealed that brain neuroinflammatory response …

Glial cells outnumber neurons in the brain and play important roles in the neuroinflammation
that accompanies brain damage in neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson's disease …

Pro-inflammatory factors released by activated microglia may contribute to the progression
of neurodegenerative diseases. As a natural phenolic acid, chlorogenic acid (CGA) has …

In several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), microglia are
hyperactivated and release nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines, resulting its …