Introduction Altered pharmacokinetics (PK) in critically ill patients can result in insufficient
serum β-lactam concentrations when standard dosages are administered. Previous studies …

Introduction Although early institution of adequate antimicrobial therapy is lifesaving in
sepsis patients, optimal antimicrobial strategy has not been established. Moreover, the …

Introduction The use of standard doses of β-lactam antibiotics during continuous renal
replacement therapy (CRRT) may result in inadequate serum concentrations. The aim of this …

Introduction Use of higher than standard doses of amikacin (AMK) has been proposed
during sepsis, especially to treat less susceptible bacterial strains. However, few data are …

Introduction Diarrhoea is frequently reported in the ICU. Little is known about diarrhoea
incidence and the role of the different risk factors alone or in combination. This prospective …

Introduction Established biomarkers for the diagnosis of sepsis are procalcitonin, interleukin
6, and C-reactive protein. Although sepsis evokes changes of coagulation and fibrinolysis, it …

Introduction Sepsis is responsible for important alterations in the pharmacokinetics of
antibiotics. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), which is commonly used in …

Purpose The histopathology of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill
patients remains an understudied area. Previous studies have identified that acute tubular …

Introduction Costs are one of the factors determining physicians' choice of medication to
treat patients in specific situations. However, usually only the drug acquisition costs are …

Introduction Little is known about mortality rates following general surgical procedures in the
United Kingdom. Deaths are most common in the'high-risk'surgical population consisting …