Functional imaging methodologies allow researchers to simultaneously monitor the neural
activities of all single neurons in a population, and this ability has led to great advances in …

In this protocol, we describe the procedures for visualizing light-evoked calcium changes in
fly visual neurons using two-photon microscopy. Before starting the imaging, the visual …

Genetically encoded calcium indicators make it possible to track neural activity on a
population-wide level. Here we describe a preparation that enables two-photon imaging of …

BACKGROUND: Drosophila melanogaster is one of the best-studied model organisms in
biology, mainly because of the versatility of methods by which heredity and specific …

Genetically encoded calcium sensors have enabled monitoring of neural activity in vivo
using optical imaging techniques. Linking neural activity to complex behavior remains …

Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) allow for the noninvasive evaluation of
neuronal activity in vivo, and imaging GECIs in Drosophila has become commonplace for …

Visual systems of many animals, including the fruit fly Drosophila, represent the surrounding
space as 2D maps, formed by populations of neurons. Advanced genetic tools make the fly …

Rapidly developing imaging technologies including two-photon microscopy and genetically
encoded calcium indicators have opened up new possibilities for recording neural …

Continuing improvements in genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) make imaging
an increasingly attractive method to observe neural activity in the Drosophila brain. Two …

For a proper understanding of neural circuit function, it is important to know which signals
neurons relay to their downstream partners. Calcium imaging with genetically encoded …