Chronic inflammation and disordered lipid metabolism represent hallmarks of
atherosclerosis. Considerable evidence suggests that innate immune defense mechanisms …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response characterized by the accumulation of
cells of innate and acquired immune systems within the intima of the arterial wall …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterised by lipid retention and inflammation in the
arterial intima. Innate immune mechanisms are central to atherogenesis, involving activation …

Atherosclerosis has been widely considered as a chronic inflammation process, which
triggers a wide range of cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic coronary artery disease …

The immune system plays a pivotal role in initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.
Monocytes and T-lymphocytes are the first cells to enter the damaged endothelium …

Clinical and epidemiological studies have implicated chronic infections in the development
of atherosclerosis. It has been proposed that common mechanisms of signaling via TLRs …

Cardiovascular disease ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in adult
populations in the Western world. Significant progress in understanding the etiology of …

Inflammation and immune reactions are implicated in atherogenesis and plaque disruption.
The precise triggers for inflammation in atherosclerosis are not fully understood but may …

According to the traditional view, atherosclerosis results from a passive buildup of
cholesterol in the artery wall. Yet, burgeoning evidence implicates inflammation and immune …

This review considers critically the evidence for the involvement of mediators of innate and
acquired immunity in various stages of atherosclerosis. Rapidly mobilized arms of innate …