The injection of gas bubbles into a turbulent boundary layer of a liquid phase has multiple
different impacts on the original flow structure. Frictional drag reduction is a phenomenon …

To promote the efficiency of frictional drag reduction using bubbles, we designed a novel
bubble control method that involves repetitive injection of bubbles rather than the …

While turbulent drag reduction through the injection of micro-bubbles into a turbulent
boundary layer is well established in experiments, there is a lack of corresponding …

Turbulent boundary layer skin friction in liquid flows may be reduced when bubbles are
present near the surface on which the boundary layer forms. Prior experimental studies of …

The excellent drag reduction effect of the bubble drag reduction technique has been proved
through many experiments since it was proposed. In this paper, the authors investigate the …

Micro-bubble drag reduction experiments were conducted in a turbulent water channel flow.
Compressed nitrogen was used to force flow through a slot injector located in the plate …

The effect of a few relatively large bubbles injected near the walls on the wall drag in the
“minimum turbulent channel” is examined by direct numerical simulations. A front …

The interactions between a dense cloud of small bubbles and a liquid turbulent boundary
layer are reviewed on the basis of available experimental observations to understand and …

CL Merkle and S. Deutsch Department of Mechanical Engineering and The Applied
Research Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 Over the …

A simple stress model has been developed to explain the observations of reduced drag
when small gas bubbles are introduced into a turbulent boundary layer. The drag reduction …