Plants respond to environmental pollutants such as heavy metal (s) by triggering the
expression of genes that encode proteins involved in stress response. Toxic metal ions …

Plants are sessile in nature, but are capable to evade from high level concentration of heavy
metals like Cd, Hg, Cu, through various metabolic pathways. Some of the pathways regulate …

Among abiotic stress, the toxicity of metals impacts negatively on plants' growth and
productivity. This toxicity promotes various perturbations in plants at different levels. To …

Plants, like all other organisms, have evolved different mechanisms to maintain
physiological concentrations of essential metal ions and to minimize exposure to non …

Metals like zinc, iron and copper are essential micronutrients required for a wide range of
physiological processes in all plant organs for the activities of various metal-dependent …

Plants are exposed to various environmental challenges throughout their lifecycle that
adversely affect their growth and development. Heavy metal toxicity reduces plant …

Plants being sessile are susceptible to heavy metals (HMs) toxicity and respond differentially
to hostile environments. The toxicity of HM is governed by the type of ion and its …

Plants take up a wide range of trace metals/metalloids (hereinafter referred to as trace
metals) from the soil, some of which are essential but become toxic at high concentrations …

Heavy metal concentrations exceeding permissible limits threaten human life, plant life, and
all other life forms. Different natural and anthropogenic activities emit toxic heavy metals in …

Heavy metal detoxification in plants is a phenomenon resulting from complex interactions
among interconnected physiological pathways and defense shunts leading to reactive …