Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection who commence antiretroviral
therapy when they are very immunodeficient are susceptible to immune reconstitution …

The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a substantial decrease in
the frequency of opportunistic infections among HIV-infected individuals, along with a …

The use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to treat HIV infection, by restoring CD4+ cell count
and immune function, is associated with significant reductions in morbidity and mortality …

The discovery of effective therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has
improved the outlook for patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)(75 …

Non-HIV immunocompromised hosts develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
when the sudden change in the dominant T helper responses to inflammation is not well …

The immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS) is an increasingly recognized disease concept
and is observed with a broad-spectrum of immunosuppressive therapy-related opportunistic …

Despite the availability of effective combined antiretroviral treatment, many patients still
present with advanced HIV infection, often accompanied by an AIDS-defining disease. A …

Immunorestitution disease (IRD) is defined as an acute symptomatic or paradoxical
deterioration of a (presumably) preexisting infection that is temporally related to the recovery …

The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients initiating
antiretroviral therapy (ART) results from restored immunity to specific infectious or non …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-infected patients leads to recovery of CD4+ T
cell numbers and restoration of protective immune responses against a wide variety of …