Persistent research over the past few decades has clearly established that the insulin-like
family of growth factors, which is composed of insulin and insulin-like growth factors 1 (IGF1) …

The insulin-like family of growth factors (IGFs)–composed of insulin, and insulin-like growth
factors I (IGF1) and II (IGF2)–provides essential signals for the control of testis development …

The mammalian reproductive hormone axis regulates gonadal steroid hormone levels and
gonadal function essential for reproduction. The neuroendocrine control of the axis …

Testis size and sperm production are directly correlated to the total number of adult Sertoli
cells (SCs). Although the establishment of an adequate number of SCs is crucial for future …

Mouse sex determination provides an attractive model to study how regulatory genetic
networks and signaling pathways control cell specification and cell fate decisions. This study …

The insulin family of growth factors (insulin, IGF1, and IGF2) are critical in sex determination,
adrenal differentiation, and testicular function. Notably, the IGF system has been reported to …

Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are key mediators of insulin and insulin-like growth
factor (IGF) signalling. In mice, deletion of Irs1 is associated with profound growth retardation …

Abstract Knowledge of fish reproduction is of high relevance to basic fish biology and
comparative evolution. Furthermore, fish are excellent biomedical models, and the impact of …

Insulin has long been recognized as a key regulator of energy homeostasis via its actions at
the level of the brain, but in addition, plays a role in regulating neural control of reproduction …

Physiological states of insulin resistance such as obesity and diabetes have been linked to
abnormalities in female reproductive function. However, it is difficult to distinguish the direct …