Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) provokes an intense inflammatory response that can
lead to left ventricular adverse remodeling and heart failure (HF). The prognosis of HF …

Despite advances in treatment of patients who suffer from ischemic heart disease, morbidity
related to myocardial infarction is increasing in Western societies. Acute and chronic …

In the setting of myocardial infarction (MI), ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs due to
occlusion (ischemia) and subsequent re-establishment of blood flow (reperfusion) of a …

Aim Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a major cause of death and disability worldwide,
despite available reperfusion therapies. Inflammatory signaling is considered nodal in …

Coronary heart disease is an inflammatory disorder of the coronary vessels. With a
prevalence of approximately 20% in the general population, it is an endemic problem in …

During myocardial infarction, sterile inflammation occurs. The danger model is a solid
theoretic framework that explains this inflammation as danger associated molecular patterns …

We have reported that the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) signaling pathway plays an important
role in the development of pressure overload-induced inflammatory responses and heart …

Background—Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are members of the interleukin-1 receptor family
and transduce similar signals as interleukin-1 receptor in response to exogenous …

The majority of cardiovascular diseases cause progressive deterioration, mainly resulting
from accumulation of vascular and myocardial tissue damage. A growing body of evidence …

Innate immune and inflammatory responses have been implicated in myocardial
ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the mechanisms by which innate immunity and …