Type I interferon (IFNα/β) pathways are fine-tuned to elicit antiviral protection while
minimizing immunopathology; however, the initiating stimuli, target tissues, and underlying …

Host control of influenza A virus (IAV) is associated with exuberant pulmonary inflammation
characterized by the influx of myeloid cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines …

The interferon (IFN) response is the major early innate immune response against invading
viral pathogens and is even capable of mediating sterilizing antiviral immunity without the …

Tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) regulate tissue homeostasis, protect against
pathogens at mucosal surfaces, and are key players at the interface of innate and adaptive …

Understanding how immune challenges elicit different responses is critical for diagnosing
and deciphering immune regulation. Using a modular strategy to interpret the complex …

While the presence of airway bacteria is known to be associated with improved immunity
against influenza virus, the mechanism by which endogenous microbiota influence antiviral …

Naïve T (Tn) cells require two homeostatic signals for long-term survival: tonic T cell
receptor: self-peptide–MHC contact and IL-7 stimulation. However, how microbial exposure …

Although commensal bacteria are crucial in maintaining immune homeostasis of the
intestine, the role of commensal bacteria in immune responses at other mucosal surfaces …

Abstract Interferon-lambda (IFN-λ) protects intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from enteric
viruses by inducing expression of antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Here, we find that …

Summary Type I interferons (IFN-Is) are fundamental for antiviral immunity, but their role in
bacterial infections is contradictory and incompletely described. Streptococcus pyogenes …