Antiviral type I interferons (IFN) produced in the early phase of viral infections effectively
inhibit viral replication, prevent virus-mediated tissue damages and promote innate and …

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths and has resulted in disastrous
societal and economic impacts worldwide. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, abnormal levels of …

A novel coronavirus now known as SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019, possibly following a
zoonotic crossover from a coronavirus present in bats. This virus was identified as the …

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, resulting in a range of clinical …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is currently the major global health problem. Still, it …

Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by a severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly worldwide. Given that this …

SARS-CoV-2 fine-tunes the interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral responses, which play a key
role in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression. Indeed, critically ill …

Type I and III Interferons (IFNs) are the first lines of defense in microbial infections. They
critically block early animal virus infection, replication, spread, and tropism to promote the …

While an appropriately regulated production of interferons (IFNs) performs a fundamental
role in the defense against coronaviruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Innate immune interferons (IFNs), including type I and III IFNs, constitute critical antiviral
mechanisms. Recent studies reveal that IFN dysregulation is key to determine COVID-19 …