To what extent can we predict how evolution occurs? Do genetic architectures and
developmental processes canalize the evolution of similar outcomes in a predictable …

Butterfly wing patterns have emerged as exceptional model systems with which to link the
developmental and genetic processes that generate morphological variation with the …

Although animals display a rich variety of shapes and patterns, the genetic changes that
explain how complex forms arise are still unclear. Here we take advantage of the extensive …

A major challenge is to understand how conserved gene regulatory networks control the
wonderful diversity of form that we see among animals and plants. Butterfly wing patterns …

Butterfly wing patterns provide a rich comparative framework to study how morphological
complexity develops and evolves. Here we used CRISPR/Cas9 somatic mutagenesis to test …

Mimicry—whereby warning signals in different species evolve to look similar—has long
served as a paradigm of convergent evolution. Little is known, however, about the genes …

Müllerian mimicry strongly exemplifies the power of natural selection. However, the exact
measure of such adaptive phenotypic convergence and the possible causes of its …

Most butterfly wing patterns are proposed to be derived from a set of conserved pattern
elements known as symmetry systems. Symmetry systems are so-named because they are …

Abstract Evolutionary Developmental Biology aims for a mechanistic understanding of
phenotypic diversity, and present knowledge is largely based on gene expression and …

Background Many traits evolve by cis-regulatory modification, by which changes to
noncoding sequences affect the binding affinity for available transcription factors and thus …