Animal studies have been shown that spreading depolarizations (SD) play an important role
in lesion progression during focal ischemia. Therefore SDs might serve as biomarkers of …

Stroke is the third most common cause of death in Hungary and Europe, coming only after
heart disease and cancer. Much of the primary damage in the acute phase of ischemic …

Little information exists on the role and the characteristics of perfusion changes related to
periinfarct depolarization. Our aim was to visualize and monitor periinfarct flow transients …

In experimental stroke, recurrent peri-infarct depolarizations (PIDs) are known to mediate the
progressive deterioration of penumbral border zones into core infarction. PIDs are similar to …

Spreading depolarizations are accompanied by transient changes in cerebral blood flow
(CBF). In a post hoc analysis of previously studied control rats we analyzed CBF time …

Physiological effects of spreading depolarizations (SD) are only well studied in the first
hours after experimental stroke. In patients with malignant hemispheric stroke (MHS) …

Cortical spreading depolarizations (CSDs) are increasingly suspected to play an
exacerbating role in a range of acute brain injuries, including stroke, possibly through their …

Delayed cerebral ischemia is the most feared cause of secondary injury progression after
subarachnoid hemorrhage. Initially thought to be a direct consequence of large artery spasm …

Background: Cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is a massive neuro-glial
depolarization wave, which propagates across the cerebral cortex. In stroke, CSD is a …

Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Germany rudolf. graf@ nf. mpg. de
After occlusion of a cerebral artery, onset of focal cerebral ischemia occurs immediately but …