Over the last 20 years, the use of administrative data has become central to understanding
pupil attainment and school performance. Of most importance has been its use to robustly …

Whether someone has ever had free school meal (FSM) eligibility over a six‐year period is
the measure of socio‐economic disadvantage currently used in the English school system. It …

This paper presents a description of the background characteristics and attainment profile of
pupils eligible for free school meals (FSM) in England, and of those missing a value for this …

Across the social sciences, family socio-economic status (SES) is seen as a potentially key
determinant of children's educational attainment. However, a lot educational research in the …

The paper analyses the impact of socio‐economic status (SES) on academic attainment at
the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) in Northern Ireland and evaluates …

Family income is an important factor associated with children's educational achievement.
However, key areas of UK research (for example, on socially segregated schooling) and …

It is well known that children growing up in poor families emerge from our schools with
substantially lower levels of educational attainment. The only regularly published …

This article illustrates the links between different ways of assessing disadvantage at school
and subsequent qualification outcomes at age 16 in England. Our previous work has …

There is clear evidence of a persistent gap in attainment between pupils from the richest and
poorest households in Scotland. This gap starts in preschool years and continues …

Pupil Premium funding has been provided to schools in England since 2011, to help
overcome socio-economic segregation between schools, and reduce the poverty attainment …