Neuro-ethological studies conducted by Panksepp and his colleagues have provided an
understanding of how the activity of the mesolimbic dopaminergic (ML DA) system leads to …

The mesolimbic dopaminergic (ML-DA) system has been recognized for its central role in
motivated behaviors, various types of reward, and, more recently, in cognitive processes …

During the past three decades it has become increasingly clear that dopamine (DA)
contributes heavily to brain mechanisms that allow animals to pursue a great variety of …

Appetitive motivation and incentive states are essential functions sustained by a common
emotional brain process, the SEEKING disposition, which drives explorative and approach …

Rather than view addiction as a disease, Heyman sees it as a choice—one that works like
other choices, whereby immediate rewards outshine long-term gains. He rejects …

Abstract Rationale and Objectives Addiction is defined as a chronically relapsing disorder
characterized by compulsive drug seeking that is hypothesized to derive from multiple …

Aims To illustrate how modern neurobiological approaches will help to identify the
neurocircuits and genes involved in addictive behavior. Background The current disorder …

Drug consumption is driven by a drug's pharmacological effects, which are experienced as
rewarding, and is influenced by genetic, developmental, and psychosocial factors that …

Research on the neuroscience of substance use disorders (SUDs) has started to shed light
on the ways in which chronic drug abuse changes the brain to cause the profound …

The motivation to seek out and consume rewards has evolutionarily been driven by the urge
to fulfill physiological needs. However in a modern society dominated more by plenty than …