A holistic review is given of the Southern Ocean dynamic system, in the context of the crucial
role it plays in the global climate and the profound changes it is experiencing. The review …

Abstract The Southern Ocean circulation connects the ocean basins as well as the upper
and deep layers of the ocean. As a result, the region has a profound influence on the global …

In this chapter, we review the physical processes that create the mean and variable
circulation features along the eastern margins of the ocean basins. Rather than describing …

Interactions between the upper ocean and air-ice-ocean fluxes in the Southern Ocean play a
critical role in global climate by impacting the overturning circulation and oceanic heat and …

Abstract The Bering Strait provides a shallow connection that allows freshwater to flow from
the North Pacific into the North Atlantic, but this passage was closed during past glacials …

A survey was made of a large (100 km) eddy in the Iceland Basin in June 1998. In situ
observations from a shallow, undulating conductivity‐temperature‐depth profiler and vessel …

Atlantic Water (AW), which is transported northward by the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC),
partly recirculates (ie, turns westward) in Fram Strait. This determines how much heat and …

A decade of moored measurements from the Arctic Ocean's northwestern Beaufort Gyre
(collected as a component of the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project) are analyzed to …

Abstract The Discovery Investigations of the 1930s provided a compelling description of the
main elements of the Southern Ocean circulation. Over the intervening years, this has been …

We report the first 3‐D numerical model study of abyssal ocean circulation and transport
over the steep topography of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) and adjoining Lamont seamount …