Pain is a highly unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, and no objective diagnosis
test exists to assess it. In clinical practice there are two main methods for the estimation of …

Currently self-report pain ratings are the gold standard in clinical pain assessment.
However, the development of objective automatic measures of pain could substantially aid …

Current pain assessment techniques based only on clinical evaluation and self-reports are
not objective and may lead to inadequate treatment. Having a functional biomarker will add …

Background: Traditional pain assessment methods have significant limitations due to the
high variability in patient reported pain scores and perception of pain by different individuals …

Pain is an indication of uneasiness, and its assessment is crucial for medical diagnosis and
treatment of patients. Subjective methods like visual inspection and self-report of pain, are …

While even the most common definition of pain is under debate, pain assessment has
remained the same for decades. But the paramount importance of precise pain management …

Fibromyalgia is a complex and heterogeneous clinical syndrome, mainly characterized by
the presence of widespread pain, possibly associated with a variety of other symptoms …

Pain is a complex and personal experience that presents diverse measurement challenges.
Different sensing technologies can be used as a surrogate measure of pain to overcome …

Automated detection of pain intensity from facial expressions, especially from face images
that show a patient's health, remains a significant challenge in the medical diagnostics and …

The standard method for prediction of the absence and presence of pain has long been self-
report. However, for patients with major cognitive or communicative impairments, it would be …