Background The laparoscopic technique has many advantages compared with open
surgery for symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. Despite these advantages, many patients …

Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the treatment of choice for symptomatic
cholecystolithiasis. Despite the many advantages over open surgery, many patients …

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the standard treatment for
gall bladder disease. However, despite its low degree of invasiveness, many patients …

Introduction Intraabdominal CO 2 gas after laparoscopic cholecystectomy causes
postoperative shoulder-tip pain. Many methods of analgesia have been used to reduce this …

Background: Shoulder pain is common after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (60.5%) and can
delay return to normal activities. The cause is unclear but may involve referral of pain from …

Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is widely performed, and postoperative pain is
an important factor in patient morbidity during recovery. Various modalities for postoperative …

Background Intraperitoneal isotonic saline instillation (SI) and pulmonary recruitment
maneuver (RM) were indicated to alleviate post-laparoscopic shoulder pain (PLSP) …

Background The incidence of shoulder pain (SP) following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
(LC) varies between 21 and 80%. A few randomised controlled trials and meta-analysis …

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sodium bicarbonate irrigation versus
normal saline irrigation in patients undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy …

Post-laparoscopic shoulder pain is still one of the most important complications of
laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Placing a drain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is …