Monoclonal antibodies targeting IgE or the type-2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13
are proving highly effective in reducing exacerbations and symptoms in people with severe …

Asthma is a complex respiratory disorder characterized by marked heterogeneity in
individual patient disease triggers and response to therapy. Several asthma phenotypes …

Asthma is a complex respiratory disease that varies in severity and response to treatment.
Several asthma phenotypes with unique clinical and inflammatory characteristics have been …

Type 2 (T2) inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma. IL-4, IL-5, and IL-
13, along with other inflammatory mediators, lead to increased cellular eosinophilic …

Asthma pathogenesis is characterized by two major endotypes, a T2-high featuring
increased eosinophilic airway inflammation, and a T2-low endotype presenting with either …

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease associated with type 2 cytokines
interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13, which promote airway eosinophilia, mucus …

Type 2-immunity represents the typical adaptive response to allergen exposure in atopic
individuals. It mainly involves Th2 cells and immunoglobulin E, as the main orchestrators of …

Objectives To review current thinking regarding the role of personalized phenotype-driven
as opposed to broad guideline-based therapies in asthma and to speculate on the relative …

Although the term “asthma” has been applied to all patients with airway lability and variable
chest symptoms for centuries, phenotypes of asthma with distinct clinical and molecular …

Patients with severe asthma that remain uncontrolled incur significant medical burden and
healthcare costs. Severe asthma is a heterogeneous airway disorder with complex …