In all vertebrates, the cell nucleus becomes highly condensed and transcriptionally inactive
during the final stages of red cell biogenesis. Enucleation, the process by which the nucleus …

A characteristic feature of terminal erythropoiesis in mammals is extrusion of the highly
condensed nucleus out of the cytoplasm. Other vertebrates, including fish, reptiles …

Enucleation, a rare feature of mammalian differentiation, occurs in 3 cell types: erythroblasts,
lens epithelium, and keratinocytes. Previous investigations suggest that caspase activation …

Highlights•Enucleation is a rate-limiting step in erythropoiesis that leads to the formation of
RBCs.•Regulators of enucleation range from transcription factors to miRNAs.•Optimum …

Terminal erythroid differentiation in vertebrates is characterized by progressive
heterochromatin formation and chromatin condensation and, in mammals, culminates in …

Mammalian erythropoiesis involves chromatin condensation that is initiated in the early
stage of terminal differentiation. The mechanisms of chromatin condensation during …

Even though the production of orthochromatic erythroblasts can be scaled up to fulfill clinical
requirements, enucleation remains one of the critical rate‐limiting steps in the production of …

Enucleation is the step in erythroid terminal differentiation when the nucleus is expelled from
developing erythroblasts creating reticulocytes and free nuclei surrounded by plasma …

Enucleation is the hallmark of erythropoiesis in mammals. Previously, we determined that
yolk sac–derived primitive erythroblasts mature in the bloodstream and enucleate between …

Background During the final stages of differentiation of mammalian erythroid cells, the
chromatin is condensed and enucleated. We previously reported that Rac GTPases and …