Background Inflammation is a critical component of normal tissue repair, as well as being
fundamental to the body's defense against infection. Environmental factors, such as …

Despite the significant health risks resulting from tobacco use, the prevalence of smokers
worldwide remains high. Cigarette smoking is one of the major sources of toxic chemical …

Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for lung cancer and respiratory infections. This
increased susceptibility may result from cigarette smoke-induced impairment of the immune …

Cigarette smoking is associated with numerous diseases and poses a serious challenge to
the current healthcare system worldwide. Smoking impacts both innate and adaptive …

Smoking is a serious global health issue. Cigarette smoking contains over 7000 different
chemicals. The main harmful components include nicotine, acrolein, aromatic hydrocarbons …

Cigarette smoke-mediated oxidative stress induces an inflammatory response in the lungs
by stimulating the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Chromatin remodeling due to …

Long-term cigarette smoking (LTCS) represents an important risk factor for cardiac infarction
and stroke and the central risk factor for the development of a bronchial carcinoma, smoking …

Cigarette smoke (CS) induces abnormal and sustained lung inflammation; however, the
molecular mechanism underlying sustained inflammation is not known. It is well known that …

Many of the healthcare consequences of cigarette smoking could be due to its ability to
compromise the immune system, and in respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive …

As an anti-inflammatory alkaloid, nicotine plays dual roles in treating diseases. Here we
reviewed the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects of nicotine on inflammatory …