Soft polymer materials, which are similar to human tissues, have played critical roles in
modern interdisciplinary research. Compared with conventional methods, 3D printing allows …

Purpose Soft robotics is currently a rapidly growing new field of robotics whereby the robots
are fundamentally soft and elastically deformable. Fabrication of soft robots is currently …

Soft robots have received an increasing attention due to their advantages of high flexibility
and safety for human operators but the fabrication is a challenge. Recently, 3D printing has …

The purpose of 4D printing is to embed a product design into a deformable smart material
using a traditional 3D printer. The 3D printed object can be assembled or transformed into …

Additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing or rapid
prototyping, has been introduced since the late 1980s. Although a considerable amount of …

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has attracted a considerable amount of attention during
the past years, being globally recognized as one of the most promising and revolutionary …

In the last decade, an emerging three-dimensional (3D) printing technique named freeform
3D printing has revolutionized the biomedical engineering field by allowing soft matters with …

3D printing has revolutionized various industries by enabling the production of complex
designs and shapes. Recently, the potential of new materials in 3D printing has led to an …

Since the concept of four-dimensional (4D) printing first emerged from additive
manufacturing technologies in 2013, there has been growing interest from researchers …

3D printing has recently gained much attention from media and the scientific community,
touted as a replacement for traditional manufacturing and a potential to change the way we …