Tongue-strengthening exercises (TSE) using a device have been proposed as an
intervention for improving tongue strength and endurance. However, devices for TSE have …

Introduction: Positive effects from tongue-strengthening exercises (TSE) are widely
described, but dose-dependent studies concerning exercise frequency have not yet been …

Tongue-strengthening exercises (TSE) are based on the principles of exercise and motor
learning, including intensity. Intensity is manipulated by gradually adjusting the resistive …

Tongue strengthening exercise (TSE) has been proposed as an intervention to increase
tongue strength and improve swallowing. However, clinical evidence of its effectiveness is …

Purpose: To summarize and discuss the scientific literature on the effects of tongue
strengthening exercises on healthy adults and elderly people. Research strategies: We …

Introduction The risk of swallowing disorders is increased for older individuals due to weak
tongue and pharyngeal muscle strength. This study was appraised the value of a …

Clinical tongue-strengthening therapy programs are generally based on the principles of
exercise and motor learning, including the specificity paradigm. The aim of this study was to …

Introduction: Tongue strength reserve is the difference between the maximum isometric
pressure (MIP) and swallowing pressure of the tongue. People with decreased tongue …

Purpose The aim of the study was to determine the effects of a 6-week progressive
resistance tongue exercise protocol in mental practice form on tongue strength. Investigation …

Background Tongue strengthening exercise (TSE) is a remedial method for the training of
swallowing-related muscles in the oropharyngeal phase. However, clinical evidence of its …