Despite advances in drug technology and improvements in technology, including peripheral
nerve catheters and ultrasound, postoperative pain is still a significant problem in the clinical …

Novel preparations allowing for the extended duration of action of local anesthetics have
many clinically relevant benefits. With regard to this, the development of liposomal …

Introduction: The duration of postsurgical pain greatly outlasts the duration of analgesia
(typically< 12 h) following single administration of traditional formulations of local …

In the multimodal approach to the management of postoperative pain, local infiltration and
regional blocks have been increasingly utilized for pain control. One of the limitations of …

Current published data do not provide superior clinical results for EXPAREL over
conventional bupivacaine based upon the lack of adequately powered multicentered clinical …

Background Liposome bupivacaine is a novel formulation of the local anesthetic
bupivacaine, designed to provide prolonged postsurgical analgesia. This analysis examined …

Background: Ideal postoperative pain management requires a multidisciplinary approach in
combination with a variety of dosage regimens. Approximately 21–30% of patients …

Many attempts have been made to increase the duration of local anesthetic action. One
avenue of investigation has focused on encapsulating local anesthetics within carrier …

One of the missions of the Food and Drug Administration (Silver Spring, Maryland) is to
protect the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human drugs. 1 …

When physicians consider which analgesia to use postsurgery, the primary goal is to relieve
pain with minimal adverse side effects. Bupivacaine, a commonly used analgesic, has been …