Introduction It is now accepted that Parkinson's disease (PD) is not simply due to
dopaminergic dysfunction, and there is interest in developing non-dopaminergic …

Long-term disability in Parkinson's disease (PD) is related to progression of the underlying
disease and the emergence of complications of chronic levodopa therapy. There is a need …

Dopamine replacement therapy effectively treats the early motor symptoms of Parkinson's
disease (PD). However, its association with the development of motor complications limits its …

OBJECTIVE: 6002-US-051 was a 12-week, double-blind study evaluating the safety and
efficacy of istradefylline, a selective A2A adenosine receptor antagonist, as monotherapy in …

Adenosine A2A receptor antagonists are an alternative treatment strategy for Parkinson's
disease. Several randomized placebo controlled studies have tested the effect of A2A …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder,
affecting up to 10 million people worldwide. Current treatment primarily involves symptom …

Adenosine A 2A receptor antagonists represent a new way forward in the symptomatic
treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) through a non-dopaminergic mechanism. As a class …

Neurotransmitters other than dopamine, such as norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine,
glutamate, adenosine and acetylcholine, are involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) and …

Background: The safety and efficacy of istradefylline, a selective adenosine A2A receptor
antagonist, was evaluated in a 12-week, double-blind study in levodopa-treated Parkinson …

The adenosine A2A receptor subtype is recognized as a non-dopaminergic
pharmacological target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, notably …