Background The objective of this review is to evaluate the literature on the association
between mild, moderate, and binge prenatal alcohol exposure and child neurodevelopment …

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine differential effects of amount and pattern
of prenatal alcohol exposure on child outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Alcohol use was assessed …

Aims: Although research on fetal alcohol exposure has had a significant effect on social
norms and public policy, there has been little quantitative review of this literature. Methods …

Background Systematic reviews of prenatal alcohol exposure effects generally only include
conventional observational studies. However, estimates from such studies are prone to …

Aim: This paper systematically reviews the literature on the effects of prenatal alcohol
exposure on early child development from birth to 5 years with the aim to synthesize the …

Objective: The effects of binge-drinking during pregnancy on the fetus and child have been
an increasing concern for clinicians and policy-makers. This study reviews the available …

Objective: Data on the neurodevelopmental and associated behavioral effects of light to
moderate in utero alcohol exposure are limited. This retrospective investigation tested for …

OBJECTIVE. Patterns of alcohol consumption during pregnancy such as episodes of binge
drinking may be as important as average levels of consumption in conferring risk for later …

Background Cognitive and behavioral sequelae of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)
continue to be prevalent in the United States and worldwide. Because these sequelae are …

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and traumatic childhood experiences (trauma) such as
abuse or neglect can each cause central nervous system neurobiological changes or …