Background Acute rejection is a serious and frequent complication of renal transplantation,
and its diagnosis is contingent on the invasive procedure of allograft biopsy. A noninvasive …

In the present study we investigated whether peripheral blood gene expression
measurements may serve as an early and non‐invasive tool to predict renal allograft …

Background. The quest for noninvasive methods to diagnose rejection in solid-organ
transplants has been rejuvenated by recent observations that specific cytotoxic T-cell …

Procedures to diagnose renal allograft rejection depend upon detection of graft dysfunction
and the presence of a mononuclear leukocytic infiltrate; however, the presence of a modest …

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to identify intrarenal
expression of cytotoxic attack molecules (granzyme B and perforin) and immunoregulatory …

Background. Serine proteinase inhibitor (PI)-9 with a reactive center P1 (Glu)-P1′ is a
natural antagonist of granzyme B and is expressed in high levels in cytotoxic T lymphocytes …

Background The standard test for the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplants is the
renal biopsy. Noninvasive tests would be preferable. Methods We prospectively collected …

Background. Prevention of acute rejection is the most prevalent measure used to reduce the
long-term risk of chronic allograft rejection. Until now, biopsy was the only useful diagnostic …

We are pleased with the progress to date, and anticipate clinical trials investigating the
hypotheses that noninvasively ascertained mRNA profiles will minimize the need for …

Background. Acute rejection (aRx) has a major impact on the long-term outcome of renal
allografts, and its diagnosis is contingent on the invasive procedure of allograft biopsy. New …