Our appreciation of the physiological functions of estrogens and the mechanisms through
which estrogens bring about these functions has changed during the past decade. Just as …

Nineteen years have passed since our previous review in this journal in 1999 regarding
estrogen receptors. At that time, we described the current assessments of the physiological …

▪ Abstract There was a time when the classification of sex hormones was simple. Androgens
were male and estrogens female. What remains true today is that in young adults androgen …

Estrogens regulate the growth, differentiation, and functioning of diverse target tissues, both
within and outside of the reproductive system. Most of the actions of estrogens appear to be …

Estrogen regulates a plethora of functionally dissimilar processes in a broad range of
tissues. Recent progress in the study of the molecular mechanism of action of estrogen (s) …

The intriguing biology of estrogens and progestins in their diverse target cells is determined
by the structure of the hormonal ligand, the receptor subtype or isoform involved, the nature …

The biological effects of estrogen (E) in mammalian target tissues are important for
numerous physiological processes. E is known to induce responses in the reproductive tract …

The primary female sex hormones, estrogens, are responsible for the control of functions of
the female reproductive system, as well as the development of secondary sexual …

Estrogens exert profound effects on the physiology of diverse target cells and these effects
appear to be mediated by two estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERα and ERβ. We have …

Estrogens exert a wide variety of effects on growth, development, and differentiation,
including important regulatory functions within the reproductive systems of both females and …