Study Design. We evaluated the influence of rabbit notochordal cells on the expression of
inflammatory mediators by human annulus fibrosus (AF) cells cocultured with macrophage …

Objective Notochordal cells in the intervertebral disc interact with nucleus pulposus (NP)
cells and support the maintenance of disc homeostasis by regulation of matrix production …

Study Design. Anulus fibrosus (AF) cells obtained from patients undergoing surgery were
cocultured with macrophage-like cells and production of inflammatory mediators was …

Study Design. We hypothesized that AF/neuron interactions during annular injury were
involved in neovascularization and nerve ingrowth, the pathologic hallmarks of symptomatic …

OBJECTIVES: Recent data have suggested that macrophages are involved in the
pathogenesis of discogenic back pain and enhance the secretion of inflammatory mediators …

Multiple human and animal studies suggest that the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines
and other pain‐related molecules in degenerated or injured intervertebral discs (IVDs) may …

Study Design. Rat annulus fibrosus (AF) cells were activated with interleukin-1 (IL-1) with or
without extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibition. Factors associated with the …

Basic knowledge about the normal regeneration process within the intervertebral disc (IVD)
is important to the understanding of the underlying biology. The presence of progenitor and …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Understanding gene expression patterns of disc cells in culture
is important as we develop biologic therapies for disc degeneration. The objective of the …

Objective To examine the link between cytokines in intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues and
axial back pain. Design In vitro study with human IVD cells cultured from cadaveric donors …