Our classical perception of microorganisms as unicellular life forms is almost entirely based
on the pure-culture mode of growth; since microbial suspensions can be diluted to a single …

Intravascular catheter infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized
patients, accounting for the majority of the 200,000 nosocomial bloodstream infections …

Pathogenic fungi in the genus Candida can cause both superficial and serious systemic
disease, and are now recognized as major agents of hospital-acquired infection. Many …

Many Candida infections involve biofilm formation on implanted devices such as an
indwelling catheter, a prosthetic heart valve or a denture. Candida biofilms can be formed in …

Fungal pathogens of the genus Candida form biofilms on catheters and prosthetic devices.
These threedimensional structures composed of yeast and hyphal cells embedded in an …

In recent years there has been an increasing appreciation that microbial biofilms are
ubiquitous, which has resulted in a number of studies on infectious diseases from a biofilm …

The use of indwelling devices in current therapeutic practice is associated with hospital‐
acquired bloodstream and deep tissue infections (1). Transplantation medical procedures …

The ability to form biofilms is a common feature of microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi.
These consortiums can colonize a variety of surfaces, such as host tissues, dentures, and …

In healthcare settings, Candida spp. cause invasive disease with high mortality. The
overwhelming majority of cases are associated with the use of critically-needed medical …

Device-associated microbial growth, including Candida biofilms, represents more than half
of all human microbial infections and, despite a relatively small risk of implant-associated …