The molecular organization of ribbon synapses in photoreceptors and ON bipolar cells is
reviewed in relation to the process of neurotransmitter release. The interactions between …

The synapses of photoreceptors and bipolar cells in the retina are easily identified
ultrastructurally by the presence of synaptic ribbons, electron‐dense bars perpendicular to …

The synapses of photoreceptors and bipolar cells in the retina are characterized
ultrastructurally by the presence of an electron‐dense bar, the synaptic ribbon, lying …

The retinal photoreceptor ribbon synapse is a chemical synapse structurally and functionally
specialized for the tonic release of neurotransmitter. It is characterized by the presynaptic …

Synapses in the retina are present in two layers that can easily be distinguished
morphologically: the thin outer plexiform layer (OPL) containing the photoreceptor ribbon …

The mammalian retina contains two synaptic layers. The outer plexiform layer (OPL) is
primarily composed of ribbon synapses while the inner plexiform layer (IPL) comprises …

Light-evoked voltage responses of rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the vertebrate retina
must be converted to a train of synaptic vesicle release events for transmission to …

The first synapses transmitting visual information contain an unusual organelle, the ribbon,
which is involved in the transport and priming of vesicles to be released at the active zone …

Rod and cone photoreceptors possess ribbon synapses that assist in the transmission of
graded light responses to second-order bipolar and horizontal cells of the vertebrate retina …

The ribbon synapse can release a stream of transmitter quanta at very high rates. Although
the ribbon tethers numerous vesicles near the presynaptic membrane, most of the tethered …