Renal involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in the form of severe lupus
nephritis is associated with a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. Conventional …

Lupus nephritis (LN), a potentially destructive outcome of SLE, is a real challenge in the
management of SLE because of the difficulty in diagnosing its subclinical onset and …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypical autoimmune disease that can affect
any organ of the body. Multiple mechanisms may contribute to the pathophysiology of …

Kidney disease is one of the most serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE). Despite the improvement in the medical care of SLE in the past two decades, the …

Current treatment of severe lupus nephritis is unsatisfactory in terms of both outcome and
toxicity. To improve the efficacy and decrease the adverse effects of immunosuppression, it …

Introduction: While renal biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing lupus nephritis
(LN), the prognostic and diagnostic role of non-invasive biomarkers for LN is currently …

There has long been a need for biomarkers of disease activity in lupus nephritis (LN). Such
markers ideally would be capable of detecting early sub-clinical disease and could be used …

Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with
multiorgan inflammatory involvement and a mortality rate that is 2.6-fold higher than …

Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and significant manifestation, affecting 60%
of adults and 80% of children with systemic lupus erythematosus, with up to 30% of patients …

The kidney is one of the main organs affected by the autoimmune disease systemic lupus
erythematosus. Lupus nephritis (LN) concerns 30–60% of adult SLE patients and it is …