Background: The influence of smoking behavior on the periodontal health condition was
clinically and radiographically studied in 257 dentally aware adults in the age range 20–69 …

Background Our cross-sectional study investigated associations of cumulative exposure to
secondhand smoke and duration of smoking cessation with periodontitis among family …

Background Smoking is one of the major risk factors for oral diseases, and many studies
have found that active smoking is closely associated with the prevalence or severity of …

Aim: Investigating the comparative effect of cigarette smoking and smokeless-tobacco use
on periodontal health. Background: There is a dearth of studies comparing the effects of …

Tobacco smoking is the main risk factor associated with chronic destructive periodontal
disease. No other known factor can match the strength of smoking in causing harm to the …

Cigarette smoking represents a major preventable cause of human disease. Smokers have
significantly elevated risks of all-cause mortality and developing a variety of pathological …

Background Tobacco smoke is an established risk factor for periodontitis. However, few
studies have evaluated the periodontal status of smokeless tobacco (SLT) users, while that …

ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: Association between involuntary
smoking and salivary markers related to periodontitis: a 2-year longitudinal study. Nishida N …

Epidemiological investigations support a firm relationship between smoking and periodontal
disease. The likely benefits of smoking cessation programmes are considerable for …