It is recognized that tumors do not exist and grow as isolated entities of neoplastic cells, but
rather in continuous and bidirectional communication with adjacent stromal cells. Stromal …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures have emerged as valuable tools in cancer
research, offering significant advantages over traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture …

It is well recognized that one of the major drawbacks of using traditional two dimensional
cultures to model the living systems is inaccurately reflecting the physiological manner in …

Simple Summary Tumor stroma is known to significantly influence cancer initiation and
progression. In the last decade, 3D cell cultures have shown potential in modeling the tumor …

Cancer stem cells have been shown to be important in tumorigenesis processes, such as
tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. As such, many three-dimensional models have …

In previous years, three‑dimensional (3D) cell culture technology has become a focus of
research in tumor cell biology, using a variety of methods and materials to mimic the in vivo …

In vitro 3D tumor microenvironment mimicking models are gathering momentum as
alternatives to traditional 2D flat monolayer cultures due to their potential for recapitulating …

For many decades, fundamental cancer research has relied on two-dimensional in vitro cell
culture models. However, these provide a poor representation of the complex three …

Numerous studies to date have contributed to a paradigm shift in modeling cancer, moving
from the traditional two-dimensional culture system to three-dimensional (3D) culture …

Cancer cell lines have contributed immensely in understanding the complex physiology of
cancers. They are excellent material for studies as they offer homogenous samples without …