Metals in the environment arise from natural sources such as erosion, volcanic activity and
forest fires (Nriagu, 1989), but also from anthropogenic sources, mainly the processing and …

Copper is an essential ion that forms part of the active sites of many proteins. At the same
time, an excess of this metal produces free radicals that are toxic for cells and organisms …

Metal pollution is a long-term environmental problem affecting the ecological integrity of
different environmental compartments. Efforts have been made to investigate the …

Salinization has become a serious worldwide environmental perturbation in freshwater
ecosystems. Concomitantly, many of such ecosystems are already impacted by other …

Metal pollution has received considerable attention in past decades, due to their widespread
use, subsequent discharge into the environment and the toxicities associated with them …

Copper is an essential metal that is key in many metabolic functions and is a vital cofactor in
many enzymes. Copper homeostasis is dually important for optimal health. Excess copper …

Metal toxicity is a global environmental challenge. Fish are particularly prone to metal
exposure, which can be lethal or cause sublethal physiological impairments. The objective …

Numerous studies have reported that the toxicity differences among metals are widespread;
however, little is known about the mechanism of differences in metal toxicity to aquatic …

Low level metal contaminations are a prevalent issue with often unknown consequences for
health and the environment. Effect-based, multifactorial test systems with zebrafish embryos …

Organisms are increasingly tolerant to metal toxicity in the natural ecosystems, which did not
match the results of the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of metals based on toxicity …