Cardiac function is required for blood circulation and systemic oxygen delivery. However,
the heart has intrinsic oxygen demands that must be met to maintain effective contractility …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for the largest number of deaths worldwide,
necessitating the development of novel treatments and prevention strategies. Given the …

The circulatory system distributes blood flow to each tissue and transports oxygen and
nutrients. Peripheral circulation is required to maintain the physiological function in each …

Abstract Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activates transcription of genes encoding
proteins that mediate adaptive responses to reduced oxygen availability. The HIF-1β subunit …

Hypoxia, the decline of tissue oxygen stress, plays a role in mediating cellular processes.
Cardiovascular disease, relatively widespread with increased mortality, is closely correlated …

Human cells require O2 for many metabolic processes, most notably oxidative
phosphorylation, the major source of ATP generation, and hypoxia plays a significant …

Oxygen is essential for living organisms. Molecular oxygen binds to hemoglobin and is
delivered to every organ in the body. In several cardiovascular diseases or anemia, local …

Hypoxia plays a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of common causes of mortality,
including ischemic heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic lung disease, and congestive heart …

HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR (HIF)-1 is a redox-responsive transcription factor that
regulates the expression of numerous genes under physiological and pathological …

The heart forms early in development and delivers oxygenated blood to the rest of the
embryo. After birth, the heart requires kilograms of ATP each day to support contractility for …