Solar radiation management is increasingly considered to be an option for managing global
temperatures,, yet the economic effects of ameliorating climatic changes by scattering …

CLIMATE models suggest that increases in greenhouse-gas concentrations in the
atmosphere should have produced a larger global mean warming than has been observed …

RECENTLY, Kiehl and Briegleb1 evaluated the radiative forcing associated with the
capacity of atmospheric sulphate aerosols to reflect solar radiation back into space, and …

Plant photosynthesis tends to increase with irradiance. However, recent theoretical and
observational studies have demonstrated that photosynthesis is also more efficient under …

AEROSOLS influence the global radiation budget1, and so changes in the atmospheric
aerosol load due to either natural causes or human activity will contribute to climate …

WHEN fossil fuel is burned, both carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide are added to the
atmosphere. The former should cause warming of the lower atmosphere by enhancing the …

The thermal structure and composition of the atmosphere is determined fundamentally by
the incoming solar irradiance. Radiation at ultraviolet wavelengths dissociates atmospheric …

AIRBORNE mineral dust can have a significant effect on the Earth's radiation budget, as it
can both scatter sunlight back to space (leading to negative radiative forcing), and absorb …

ANTHROPOGENIC sulphate aerosols are believed to affect the radiation budget of the Earth
in two ways. Through the direct effect they scatter solar radiation back to space, producing a …

The impacts of pollution resulting from large explosive volcanic eruptions on the
atmospheric heat budget and planetary albedo are not in doubt1, 2. However, the effects of …