This study explores the evolutionary origins of waveform complexity in electric organ
discharges (EODs) of weakly electric fish. I attempt to answer the basic question of what …

Gymnotiform weakly electric fish produce an electric signal to sense their environment and
communicate with conspecifics. Although the generation of such relatively large electric …

A complete understanding of animal signal evolution necessitates analyses of both the
proximate (eg anatomical and physiological) mechanisms of signal generation and …

The electric organ discharge (EOD) potential was mapped on the skin and midplane of
several Apteronotus leptorhynchus. The frequency components of the EOD on the surface of …

Electric fish have fascinated scientists and non-scientists alike for thousands of years, but
only in recent times, with the advent of sophisticated neurobiological tools, have we been …

Eavesdropping by electroreceptive predators poses a conflict for weakly electric fish, which
depend on their Electric Organ Discharge (EOD) signals both for navigation and …

African wave-type electric fish, Gymnarchus, and South American wave-type electric fish,
Eigenmannia, have evolved electrosensory and electromotor systems independently …

Weakly electric fish are good model animals to study the evolution of interspecific and
sexual differences in communication signals. This is because the neural circuits producing …

Electric signals are made up of action potentials. Through most of the previous century,
action potentials were thought to be fixed by the physiology of the excitable membranes and …

Weakly electric fish emit electric organ discharges (EODs) to locate objects around
themselves and for communication. The EOD is generated by a simple hierarchically …