Most plant viruses are absolutely dependent on a vector for plant-to-plant spread. Although
a number of different types of organisms are vectors for different plant viruses, phloem …

The majority of described plant viruses are transmitted by insects of the Hemipteroid
assemblage that includes aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, planthoppers, and thrips. In this …

Plant viruses have evolved a wide array of strategies to ensure efficient transfer from one
host to the next. Any organism feeding on infected plants and traveling between plants can …

Plants are frequently infected with cytoplasmic RNA viruses that persist for many
generations through nearly 100% vertical transmission without producing any symptoms …

By serving as vectors of transmission, insects play a key role in the infection cycle of many
plant viruses. Viruses use sophisticated transmission strategies to overcome the spatial …

Genetic diversity in viruses is shaped by high rates of recombination and is constrained by
host defenses and the requirements of transmission. Recent studies of insect-transmitted …

The mechanisms and impacts of the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors have
been studied for more than a century. The virus route within the insect vector is amply …

Aphids are the most common vector of plant viruses. Mechanisms of transmission are best
understood by considering the routes of virus movement in the aphid (circulative versus non …

Highlights•Nearly all plant viruses are vector-transmitted and most important vectors are
insects.•Plants respond to biotic and abiotic stresses with very diverse interconnected …

Highlights•Persistently transmitted propagative plant viruses use viral inclusions to
overcome the transmission barriers of insect vectors.•Insect antiviral pathways are induced …