TMPRSS2 and furin are both essential for proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 in human airway cells

D Bestle, MR Heindl, H Limburg… - Life science …, 2020 - life-science-alliance.org
The novel emerged SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread around the world causing acute
infection of the respiratory tract (COVID-19) that can result in severe disease and lethality …

A second functional furin site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Y Zhang, L Zhang, J Wu, Y Yu, S Liu, T Li… - Emerging Microbes & …, 2022 - Taylor & Francis
The ubiquitously-expressed proteolytic enzyme furin is closely related to the pathogenesis of
SARS-CoV-2 and therefore represents a key target for antiviral therapy. Based on …

Distinctive roles of furin and TMPRSS2 in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity

R Essalmani, J Jain, D Susan-Resiga… - Journal of …, 2022 - Am Soc Microbiol
The spike protein (S) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
directs infection of the lungs and other tissues following its binding to the angiotensin …

[HTML][HTML] Furin inhibitors block SARS-CoV-2 spike protein cleavage to suppress virus production and cytopathic effects

YW Cheng, TL Chao, CL Li, MF Chiu, HC Kao… - Cell reports, 2020 - cell.com
Development of specific antiviral agents is an urgent unmet need for SARS-coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study focuses on host proteases that proteolytically activate …

[HTML][HTML] Essential role of TMPRSS2 in SARS-CoV-2 infection in murine airways

N Iwata-Yoshikawa, M Kakizaki, N Shiwa-Sudo… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
In cultured cells, SARS-CoV-2 infects cells via multiple pathways using different host
proteases. Recent studies have shown that the furin and TMPRSS2 (furin/TMPRSS2) …

The furin cleavage site of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a key determinant for transmission due to enhanced replication in airway cells

TP Peacock, DH Goldhill, J Zhou, L Baillon, R Frise… - BioRxiv, 2020 - biorxiv.org
SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via its spike glycoprotein which must be cleaved sequentially at
the S1/S2, then the S2'cleavage sites (CS) to mediate membrane fusion. SARS-CoV-2 has a …

[HTML][HTML] Alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits TMPRSS2 protease activity and SARS-CoV-2 infection

L Wettstein, T Weil, C Conzelmann, JA Müller… - Nature …, 2021 - nature.com
SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory pathogen and primarily infects the airway epithelium. As our
knowledge about innate immune factors of the respiratory tract against SARS-CoV-2 is …

[HTML][HTML] Host serine proteases: a potential targeted therapy for COVID-19 and influenza

Y Rahbar Saadat, SM Hosseiniyan Khatibi… - Frontiers in Molecular …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
The ongoing pandemic illustrates limited therapeutic options for controlling SARS-CoV-2
infections, calling a need for additional therapeutic targets. The viral spike S glycoprotein …

[HTML][HTML] A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells

M Hoffmann, H Kleine-Weber, S Pöhlmann - Molecular cell, 2020 - cell.com
The pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 threatens public health worldwide. The viral spike
protein mediates SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells and harbors a S1/S2 cleavage site …

Proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike at the S1/S2 boundary: potential role of proteases beyond furin

T Tang, JA Jaimes, MK Bidon, MR Straus… - ACS Infectious …, 2021 - ACS Publications
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses its spike (S)
protein to mediate viral entry into host cells. Cleavage of the S protein at the S1/S2 and/or …