Ice structures found in Antarctic sea ice and related morphological processes are
summarized, including: frazil ice growth; the flooded snow layer; pressure ridge induced …

This paper focusses on the links between growth, persistence and decay of sea ice and the
structure of Antarctic marine ecosystems on different spatial and temporal scales. Sea-ice …

The Arctic ocean is a major component of the world's atmospheric ocean system and within
this ocean, sea ice is the key dominant environmental feature. This three to five metre thick …

Apart from harbouring a diverse group of autotrophs, bacteria and protozoans Garrison,
1991; Lizotte, Chapter 6), sea ice is also a feeding ground, refuge and breeding or nursery …

The sea ice does not only determine the ecology of ice biota, but it also influences the
pelagic systems under the ice cover and at ice edges. In this paper, new estimates of Arctic …

The sea ice surrounding Antarctica provides an extensive habitat for organisms ranging in
size from bacteria to marine birds and mammals. Historically, most of the ecological work on …

Ice cores obtained during October‐November 1981 from Weddell Sea pack ice were
analyzed for physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Frazil ice, which is associated …

The sea ice which covers large areas of the polar regions plays a major role in the marine
ecosystem of both the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Not only do warmblooded animals …

David L. Garrison, Cornelius W. Sullivan, and Stephen F Ackley ccounts of early naturalists
first suggested the richness of Antarctic waters. Along with observations of abundant stocks …

Both polar regions are covered by extensive seasonal sea ice which is inhabited by a variety
of plants and animals. The number of organisms living in the sea ice may exceed those in …